Research Feed

A curated collection of research papers and articles exploring the Big Five personality traits.

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Language and Individual Differences: The Search for Universals in Personality Lexicons
Goldberg · Review of Personality and Social Psychology · January 1981
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Identity in Adolescence
Marcia · Handbook of Adolescent Psychology · January 1980
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A psychological taxonomy of trait-descriptive terms: The interpersonal domain
Wiggins · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · January 1979
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A historical survey of personality scales and inventories
Goldberg · Advances in psychological assessment · January 1971
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Lives through time
Block, J. · Lives through time. · January 1971
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Personality structure
Wiggins · Annual Review of Psychology · February 1968

This research outlines efforts to build a comprehensive taxonomy of English trait-descriptive terms, building on earlier lexical work in personality psychology. Focusing on the interpersonal domain, the authors describe systematic methods for organizing trait terms and developing measurement scal...

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Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: Replicated factor structure in peer nomination personality ratings
Norman · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · January 1963

This seminal study provides a clear taxonomic basis for personality research, offering evidence for five relatively independent and stable dimensions. By utilizing peer nomination ratings among university students with varying levels of acquaintance, the researchers identified five consistent fac...

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On Becoming a Person: A Therapist's View of Psychotherapy
Rogers · On Becoming a Person: A Therapist's View of Psychotherapy · January 1961

Carl Rogers was a cornerstone of humanistic psychology, fundamentally shifting therapy from a diagnostic model to a person-centered approach. He posited that for an individual to achieve 'self-actualization,' they require an environment characterized by genuineness, empathy, and unconditional pos...

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The open and closed mind
Rokeach · The open and closed mind · January 1960
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The relationship between the judged desirability of a trait and the probability that the trait will be endorsed
Edwards · Journal of Applied Psychology · January 1953

This research demonstrates a powerful link between how socially desirable a personality trait is perceived to be and how likely people are to claim they possess it. By comparing scale values for 140 items against actual endorsement rates, the study found a very high correlation of .871. This sugg...

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Trait-names: A psycho-lexical study
Allport and Odbert · Psychological Monographs · January 1936

This study tests the reliability of using language to categorize personality traits. By having judges sort 300 representative words into specific categories, researchers found that while agreement was far higher than chance, individual biases (or 'leniency') often skewed results. Interestingly, t...

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Personality: A psychological interpretation
Allport · Personality: A psychological interpretation · January 1936

This comprehensive overview traces the history of personality study, from early characterology to modern psychological science. It explores how heredity and personal growth shape the self, while introducing the idea of 'functional autonomy': the concept that our motives can become independent of ...

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A dynamic theory of personality
Lewin · Book · January 1935
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The theory and construction of the personality inventory
Bernreuter · The Journal of Social Psychology · January 1933
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The measurement of fundamental character traits by a new diagnostic test
Travis · The Journal of Abnormal Psychology and Social Psychology · January 1925

This early research marks a pivotal shift from measuring intellectual ability to quantifying nonintellectual traits, such as character and personality. While mental testing had already established precise methods for gauging 'degrees of brightness,' this study addresses the historical lack of acc...