Research Feed

A curated collection of research papers, articles, and related news and media exploring the Big Five personality traits.

RESEARCH
Openness Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism
Does losing your job change your personality? Findings from a 16-year longitudinal study of Mexican-origin adults.
Alessandri, G., Filosa, L., & Robins, R. W. · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · October 2026

Following 1,110 low-income, mostly first-generation Mexican-origin adults for 16 years, researchers found that job loss disrupted the usual maturing of personality. Afterward, people became less agreeable, less conscientious, and less open to experience, and the normal decline in neuroticism stalled. When a spouse lost a job, partners also grew less agreeable and open, but showed an immediate rise in conscientiousness. Declines in agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness were steeper when the husband was the one who lost work. People who lost jobs also showed less stable overall personality profiles, though effects were small and relative standing on each trait stayed stable.

RESEARCH
Extraversion Openness Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism
Does losing your job change your personality? Findings from a 16-year longitudinal study of Mexican-origin adults.
Guido Alessandri, Lorenzo Filosa, Richard W Robins · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · July 2026

In a 16-year study of 1,110 Mexican-origin adults, job loss disrupted normal personality maturation: conscientiousness and agreeableness declined, and neuroticism's typical age-related decline stalled. Openness dropped both before and after job loss. Rank-order stability was unaffected, but personality profile stability weakened. A partner's job loss also mattered (especially a husband's), which triggered lasting declines in the spouse's agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness, though conscientiousness sometimes rose compensatorily.

RESEARCH
Extraversion Openness Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism
Vocational guidance and personality traits in adolescents: a systematic review of broad personality models and RIASEC associations with vocational outcomes
Andrea Faz-Tapia, Kayla Jaramillo-Cumbicus, Eduardo Faz-Cevallos · Frontiers in Developmental Psychology · June 2026

This PRISMA-guided systematic review synthesized 14 studies (2020–2025) on Big Five/HEXACO traits and vocational outcomes in adolescents. Conscientiousness and Openness were positive correlates of career maturity, decision-making self-efficacy, and vocational identity in several studies, though Conscientiousness's effect often weakened or reversed once RIASEC interests or self-efficacy were added as predictors. Neuroticism (and its HEXACO counterpart, Emotionality) was the most consistent trait, reliably linked to greater decisional difficulty and career self-doubt. Extraversion and Agreeableness showed more selective associations, aligning with enterprising/social interests. RIASEC personality–aspiration congruence varied by culture (moderate in a collectivistic Asian sample versus low in a rural Latin American sample) though this contrast rests on just one study per context.

RESEARCH
Extraversion Conscientiousness Neuroticism
Understanding personality in surgical career development: A cross-sectional study of Swedish medical students and surgeons.
Johan Wänman, Leif Berglund, M. Blohm · Scandinavian Journal of Surgery · June 2026

Study of 276 Swedish medical students and 471 practicing surgeons found students preferring surgical specialties showed lower neuroticism, higher extraversion, and (after adjustment) higher conscientiousness than peers preferring non-surgical fields. Female students scored higher than male students in conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Comparisons with surgeons suggested traits intensify with career stage (surgeons showed the most pronounced conscientiousness/low neuroticism profile, followed by surgery-interested students) supporting a self-selection-plus-socialization model rather than purely innate predisposition.

RESEARCH
Extraversion Openness Conscientiousness Neuroticism
Reciprocal Relationships Between Personality Traits and Job Satisfaction? A Continuous Time Approach With Two Investigations
Yu, K., Li, W.-D., Yang, W., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Z., Dormann, C., Zhang, H., & Zacher, H. · Journal of Applied Psychology · May 2026

When people feel more satisfied at work, they gradually become more conscientious and emotionally stable, and those personality shifts in turn make them even more satisfied, creating a self-reinforcing cycle. Two large studies confirmed this goes both ways, with effects building and then fading over time rather than operating steadily. This suggests workplaces aren't just where personality shows up, they're where it develops. Organizations that invest in employee satisfaction may be inadvertently cultivating more reliable, emotionally resilient workers, while employees should recognize that their job choices can fundamentally reshape who they are over time.

RESEARCH
Openness Agreeableness Conscientiousness
The character model of a scientist: Structure and role
Jian Zhou, Jian’er Yu, R. S. Dewey · Applied Psychology Research · April 2026

This study proposes a Character Model of Scientists (CMS) comprising four dimensions: personality traits, cognitive preferences, values, and habitual behaviors, each containing four elements drawn from a literature review of 24 studies. Big Five connections are explicit: scientists score higher in openness, with conscientiousness and agreeableness (cooperation) also represented. The model links to established Big Five theory, noting personality dimensions are harder to develop through training than values or behaviors.

NEWS
Can Your Face Predict Your Salary? Using AI Personality Assessments in Hiring
Kyle Kearns · Knowledge at Wharton · November 2025

Researchers used AI to extract Big Five personality traits from LinkedIn profile photos of 96,000 MBA graduates, finding that these "Photo Big 5" scores meaningfully predict school rankings, starting salaries, career advancement, and job turnover, independently of academic performance. While the findings offer new insights into how personality shapes careers, the authors caution that using facial images for hiring raises serious ethical concerns around discrimination and individual autonomy.

RESEARCH
Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism
Labor Market Returns to Personality A Job Search Approach to Understanding Gender Gaps
Christopher J. Flinn , Petra E. Todd , and Weilong Zhang · Journal of Political Economy · February 2025

Using German panel data and a job search and bargaining model, this study finds that Big Five personality traits shape wages and employment through multiple channels. Higher conscientiousness and emotional stability raise earnings and shorten unemployment for both sexes, while agreeableness reduces wages and bargaining power. Women's tendency toward higher agreeableness and lower emotional stability accounts for roughly as much of the gender wage gap as differences in work experience do.

RESEARCH
Personality profiles of 263 occupations
Anni et. Al. · Journal of Applied Psychology · January 2024

This study mapped the personality profiles of 263 occupations using data from over 88,000 individuals. It found that while broad Big Five traits vary across jobs, specific personality 'nuances' offer even deeper insights into occupational differences. Interestingly, high-performance roles tend to be more personality-homogeneous, suggesting these jobs are more selective. The research provides a comprehensive look at how our unique traits align with our professional paths.

RESEARCH
Health effects of employment: a systematic review of prospective studies
van der Noordt et al. · Occupational and Environmental Medicine. · January 2014

This systematic review finds that employment is generally associated with better health outcomes, especially in reducing depression and improving overall mental well-being. However, evidence on its impact on specific physical health conditions and mortality remains limited. The authors highlight the need for further research to better understand how employment influences these areas and to address existing gaps in the literature.

RESEARCH
Personality traits, intelligence, humor styles, and humor production ability of professional stand-up comedians compared to college students
Greengross et al. · Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts · January 2012

This study provides a rare quantitative look at the psychological profile of stand-up comedians compared to college students. The data revealed that comedians scored significantly higher in verbal intelligence and humor production ability, and they utilized all four styles of humor more frequently than the student group. Within the comedian sample, specific personality traits influenced how they used humor: Openness, Agreeableness, and Extraversion were linked to 'affiliative humor' (humor used to bond with others). Notably, professional success in the comedy industry was predicted by a high use of affiliative humor and a low use of self-defeating humor, suggesting that while the 'sad clown' trope exists, the most successful comedians often employ more socially connective and less self-disparaging comedic styles.

RESEARCH
Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
Personality and the Prediction of Consequential Outcomes
Ozer & Benet · Annual Review of Psychology · January 2006

The Big Five personality factors serve as powerful heuristics for predicting outcomes across multiple life domains. At the individual level, traits are linked to health, happiness, and identity. Interpersonally, they shape the quality of family and romantic relationships. Finally, at the institutional level, personality influences occupational success, political ideology, and community involvement. These findings underscore that personality dispositions are not just internal states but active drivers of significant life consequences.

RESEARCH
Extraversion Neuroticism
The Affective Underpinnings of Job Perceptions and Attitudes: A Meta-Analytic Review and Integration
Thoresen et al. · Psychological Bulletin · January 2003

This meta-analysis of 62,000 employees confirms that positive and negative affect are powerful, independent drivers of job attitudes. Negative affect strongly predicts emotional exhaustion, while positive affect enhances job satisfaction and personal accomplishment. Because both affects contribute uniquely, workplace well-being requires more than just reducing stress; it necessitates fostering positive emotional states to improve organizational commitment and reduce turnover intentions.

RESEARCH
Agreeableness Neuroticism
Work experiences and personality development in young adulthood
Roberts et al. · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · January 2003

This longitudinal research reveals a reciprocal relationship between personality and professional life during the transition into adulthood. While personality traits at age 18 significantly predict both objective and subjective work experiences by age 26, the reverse is also true: early career experiences actively shape personality development. Most notably, the study identifies a 'corresponsive' effect, where the same traits that lead an individual to choose a specific career path are further strengthened and reinforced by the demands of that environment.

RESEARCH
Openness Extraversion Agreeableness
Meta-analysis of the relationship between the five-factor model of personality and Holland's occupational types
Barrick et al. · Personnel Psychology · January 2003

This study examines the connection between the Big Five personality traits and Holland’s RIASEC occupational types. The findings reveal that while these models overlap, they measure distinct aspects of an individual. The strongest links exist between Enterprising roles and Extraversion, as well as Artistic roles and Openness to Experience. In contrast, the 'Realistic' type showed almost no correlation with the Big Five, suggesting that personality and vocational interests provide unique, complementary insights into a person's profile.

RESEARCH
Openness Extraversion Agreeableness
Meta-analyses of Big Six interests and Big Five personality factors
Larson et al. · Journal of Vocational Behavior · January 2002

This meta-analysis identifies robust links between Holland’s Big Six vocational interests and the Big Five personality domains. The strongest connections include Artistic with Openness (r=.48), Enterprising with Extraversion (r=.41), and Social with Extraversion (r=.31). These findings indicate that career interests are not distinct from personality; rather, they serve as specific, practical expressions of a person's broader dispositional traits in a professional context.

RESEARCH
Neuroticism
Five-factor model of personality and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis
Judge et al. · Journal of Applied Psychology · January 2002

This comprehensive meta-analysis of 163 samples confirms that personality is a significant dispositional source of job satisfaction. When organized under the Big Five framework, the traits collectively show a strong multiple correlation of .41 with how much people enjoy their work. Neuroticism was the strongest negative predictor, while Conscientiousness and Extraversion were the most potent positive predictors. Notably, only the effects of Neuroticism and Extraversion consistently generalized across different types of studies, suggesting they are the most stable personality drivers of workplace contentment regardless of the specific job context.

RESEARCH
Conscientiousness Agreeableness Neuroticism
The Big Five personality traits, general mental ability, and career success across the life span
Judge et al. · Personnel Psychology · January 1999

Drawing from the longitudinal Intergenerational Studies, this research proves that personality and cognitive ability independently drive career success. Conscientiousness consistently predicted both job satisfaction and higher income, while Neuroticism hindered extrinsic achievements. Furthermore, general mental ability was a primary driver of status and earnings. While adulthood traits are more predictive, childhood personality still contributes unique variance to lifelong professional outcomes.

RESEARCH
Openness Neuroticism
Intelligence, personality, and interests: Evidence for overlapping traits
Ackerman & Heggestad · Psychological Bulletin · January 1997

This study explores how intelligence, personality, and vocational interests overlap. It distinguishes between intelligence as 'maximal performance' (testing well) and 'typical performance' (everyday thinking). By analyzing these connections, the researchers identified four 'trait complexes'—social, clerical, science, and intellectual. The findings suggest that Openness and Neuroticism are particularly linked to how we naturally engage with intellectual tasks and cultural interests throughout our lives.

RESEARCH
Exploring careers with a typology: What we have learned and some new directions
Holland · American Psychologist · January 1996

Holland's typology emphasizes that professional flourishing depends on congruence between an individual’s personality and their work environment. When a person's RIASEC type aligns with their workplace characteristics, they experience higher job satisfaction, stability, and performance; conversely, a lack of fit typically results in frequent career shifts and dissatisfaction. Recent research has further strengthened this model by linking Holland’s vocational types to the Big Five personality factors, such as correlating the 'Social' type with high Agreeableness and Extraversion, providing a more comprehensive psychological map of career success.