Research Feed

This research identifies five robust dimensions of spirituality that constitute the Expressions of Spirituality Inventory (ESI): Cognitive Orientation, Experiential/Phenomenological, Existential Well-Being, Paranormal Beliefs, and Religiousness. While these dimensions correlate differentially with the Big Five, they remain conceptually unique. This suggests that spirituality represents a significant domain of human personality that is not fully captured by the standard Five-Factor Model framework.

Successful identity consolidation involves committing to adult roles and constructing a coherent sense of self. Research on women shows that ego-resiliency at age 21 predicts better identity outcomes by age 27, a process often mediated by the quality of their experience in marriage. Notably, achieving a stable identity further boosts resiliency. This highlights a dynamic loop where personality resources help navigate social contexts, which then fosters long-term personality growth.

Drawing from the longitudinal Intergenerational Studies, this research proves that personality and cognitive ability independently drive career success. Conscientiousness consistently predicted both job satisfaction and higher income, while Neuroticism hindered extrinsic achievements. Furthermore, general mental ability was a primary driver of status and earnings. While adulthood traits are more predictive, childhood personality still contributes unique variance to lifelong professional outcomes.

This meta-analysis of 137 personality constructs identifies how specific traits drive subjective well-being. While personality strongly predicts life satisfaction and happiness, it is less predictive of negative affect. Within the Big Five, Neuroticism stands as the primary predictor of overall satisfaction, while Extraversion and Agreeableness contribute equally to positive affect. These findings suggest that emotional stability and social connection are the foundational pillars of long-term human happiness.

This study explores how intelligence, personality, and vocational interests overlap. It distinguishes between intelligence as 'maximal performance' (testing well) and 'typical performance' (everyday thinking). By analyzing these connections, the researchers identified four 'trait complexes'—social, clerical, science, and intellectual. The findings suggest that Openness and Neuroticism are particularly linked to how we naturally engage with intellectual tasks and cultural interests throughout our lives.

This review of 115 longitudinal studies involving 45,000 marriages emphasizes that relationship success is a dynamic trajectory, not a static state. By evaluating decades of data, the authors developed an integrative model showing how individual vulnerabilities, external stressors, and adaptive communication processes interact over time. This shift toward longitudinal analysis allows researchers to better predict marital stability and identify specific turning points where relationships either thrive or dissolve.

This study confirms the Five-Factor Model (FFM) effectively distinguishes individuals with Axis I disorders from those without. Across 468 young adults, personality dimensions provided unique diagnostic insights, even when accounting for general psychopathological symptoms. These findings highlight the FFM's utility in clinical assessments, demonstrating that specific trait profiles can accurately signal diverse mental health conditions beyond broad measures of current distress.

This longitudinal study, tracking 300 couples from the 1930s through 1980, identifies personality as a primary driver of long-term marital success. The most significant predictors of both dissatisfaction and divorce were the neuroticism of both spouses and the husband’s impulse control. While social environment and sexual history contributed to the outcomes, these baseline personality traits, measured as early as the engagement period, remained the most robust indicators of whether a marriage would endure or thrive over five decades.